During World War II, while serving as one of the highest ranking officers in the SS, Heydrich was also a Reserve Officer in the less intimidating rank of a Luftwaffe Captain. Notes from the meeting on the solution of Jewish Questions held on 10.10.1941 in Prague", "The Path to the Mass Murder of European Jews, part 2: Letter of 18 September 1941 from Himmler to Reichsstatthalter Greiser", "Grave of top Nazi leader Reinhard Heydrich opened in Berlin", "Reinhard Heydrich: A Devil With Many Faces", Documents concerning the Wannsee Conference, Director of the Reich Main Security Office, List of major perpetrators of the Holocaust, Nazis and Nazi Collaborators (Punishment) Law, Reich Central Office for the Combating of Homosexuality and Abortion, National Political Institutes of Education, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Reinhard_Heydrich&oldid=1151613285, German military personnel killed in World War II, Holocaust perpetrators in Bohemia and Moravia, Infectious disease deaths in Czechoslovakia, Recipients of the German Order (decoration), Recipients of the Iron Cross (1939), 1st class, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Elisabeth Anna Maria Amalia Krantz (mother), This page was last edited on 25 April 2023, at 03:29. [61] His wife, Lina, had already done so the year before. The gestapo and german society political denunciation in. This led to the sweeping use of Schutzhaft"protective custody", a euphemism for the power to imprison people without judicial proceedings. 3. That a man as irreplaceable as Heydrich should expose himself to unnecessary danger, I can only condemn as stupid and idiotic. On that day, Klaus was cycling with his brother Heider Heydrich in the courtyard of the Castle Panensk Beany (Jungfern-Breschan). He died on 4 June; an autopsy concluded that he died of sepsis. In Prague, the day before the attack that led to his death, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lina_Heydrich&oldid=1137596810, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from August 2015, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 5 February 2023, at 14:04. An individual portrait of Reinhard Heydrich [FHM 2002.001.035] is also part of the Perpetrators series. WebCzech Agents who had trained in Great Britain parachuted into German-occupied Czech territory to assassinate SS General Reinhard Heydrich in Prague.. Heydrich was the chief of the Reich Security Main Office (RSHA) in Berlinthe SS and police agency most directly concerned with implementing the Holocaust during World War II. At Wannsee, senior Nazi officials formalised plans to deport and exterminate all Jews in German-occupied territory and those countries not yet conquered. [41] Heydrich later received a Totenkopfring from Himmler for his SS service. Reinhard Heydrich Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. On 30 June 1934 the SS and Gestapo acted in coordinated mass arrests that continued for two days. Their father, Bruno Heydrich was a composer and opera singer. [132] Himmler ordered Karl Gebhardt to fly to Prague to assume care. [133] Heydrich reconciled himself to his fate on 2 June, during a visit by Himmler, by reciting one of his father's operas:.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 40px}.mw-parser-output .templatequote .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;padding-left:1.6em;margin-top:0}, The world is just a barrel-organ which the Lord God turns Himself. The dismissal devastated Heydrich, who found himself without career prospects.[5]. 'He offered to help gain money for it, for instance, via the European Union. To realise his goals, Heydrich demanded racial classification of those who could and could not be Germanized. [65], Heydrich was assigned to help organise the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin. Acting on the advice of his associate Karl von Eberstein, a friend of the Heydrich family, Himmler agreed to interview Heydrich, but cancelled their appointment at the last minute. In 1926 he advanced to the rank of ensign (Leutnant zur See) and was assigned as a signals officer on the battleship SMS Schleswig-Holstein, the flagship of Germany's North Sea Fleet. [122], Earlier on 31 July 1941, Hermann Gring gave written authorisation to Heydrich to ensure the co-operation of administrative leaders of various government departments in the implementation of a "Final Solution to the Jewish question" in territories under German control. When Gring transferred full authority over the Gestapo to Himmler in April 1934, it immediately became an instrument of terror under the SS's purview. Known as "The Hangman" and "The Blond Beast," Reinhard Heydrich (1904-1942) was the chief lieutenant of the German secret police during the Nazi regime. WebLina Heydrich gave birth to two sons, Klaus (born 17 June 1933) and Heider (born 23 December 1934). [124][125], In London, the Czechoslovak government-in-exile resolved to kill Heydrich. Heydrich Family Heydrich was mortally wounded in Prague on 27 May 1942 as a result of Operation Anthropoid. After Heydrich's death, implementation of the policies formalised at the Wannsee conference he chaired was accelerated. WebReinhard Heydrich was born on March 7 1904, in Halle, to Richard Bruno Heydrich and Elisabeth Krantz. He was a key organiser of the Holocaust, the head of the dreaded security section (SD) of the SS and tipped to one day succeed Hitler as Fuehrer. WebCourtesy of the United State Holocaust Memorial Museum. Those who worked Heydrich feared him, as did those who were unfortunate enough to be under his control. Reinhard Heydrich, also known as The Butcher, rose to be Obergruppenfhrer of the notorious S.S. in Nazi Germany. Son of Bruno Heydrich and Elisabeth* Anna Heydrich (Krantz) Husband of Lina Mathilde Heydrich Father of Reinhard Klaus* Heydrich; Heider Heydrich; Private and Private Brother of Maria Barthel and Heinz* Siegfried Heydrich Updates? The Butcher of Prague: 7 Facts About the Life of Nazi Reinhard Heydrich. She was declared entitled to a substantial pension as her husband was a German general killed in action. Heydrich joined a Freikorps paramilitary unit in 1919 and entered the German navy in 1922. "[107][108] Twenty thousand Jews were sent to concentration camps in the days immediately following;[109] historians consider Kristallnacht the beginning of the Holocaust. [46] Within the Nazi organisation such innuendo could be damning, even for the head of the Reich's counterintelligence service. The attacks were carried out by SA stormtroopers and civilians and presaged the Holocaust. Tens of thousands more passed through the camp before being sent East to be murdered. The views expressed in the contents above are those of our users and do not necessarily reflect the views of MailOnline. [152], All but four of the women from Lidice were deported immediately to Ravensbrck concentration camp (four were pregnant they were subjected to forced abortions at the same hospital where Heydrich had died and the women were then sent to the concentration camp). Eventually up to two-thirds of the populace were to be either removed to regions of Russia or exterminated after Nazi Germany won the war. This left Lina at home with the children and having to run the household alone. On July 31, 1941, Hermann Gring commissioned Heydrich to carry out a final solution to the Jewish question, authorizing him to take all organizational and administrative steps necessary for the extermination of the Jews. Gregor Strasser passed the allegations on to the Nazi Party's racial expert, Achim Gercke, who investigated Heydrich's genealogy. [166] It was his final combat mission. Many of Heydrich's fellow cadets falsely regarded him as Jewish. [100] Labor was reorganised on the basis of the German Labour Front. In his early life, he had a strong desire to join the army. Conditions in Prague and the rest of the Czech lands were relatively peaceful under Heydrich, and industrial output increased. Reinhard Heydrich [12] As the oldest son, Reinhard was expected to inherit his father's music conservatory and was trained in music by his father. Establishing ghettos in the Protectorate was also planned, resulting in the construction of the Theresienstadt Ghetto,[120] where 33,000 people would eventually die. His wife and Reinhard Heydrich WebI fondamenti ideologici Heinrich Himmler in uniforme da Reichsfhrer-SS. The decision by Heider Heydrich, his son, to help rebuild the dilapidated castle in Panenske Brezany, near Prague, where he once lived has provoked fury. [79] The Great Purge of the Red Army followed on Stalin's orders. He established the much-feared counter-intelligence unit with the S.S., the SD, and went on to head the Gestapo and unite the German police under the control of his mentor, Heinrich Himmler. Many historians regard him as the evilest of the Nazi elite, and Hitler referred to him as the man with the iron heart.. [94] Czech prime minister Alois Eli was among those arrested the first day. [130][131], A Czech woman went to Heydrich's aid and flagged down a delivery van. [159] After this Hitler personally ordered Heydrich to return to Berlin to resume his SS duties. [92] Although small disorganised cells of Central Leadership of Home Resistance (stedn veden odboje domcho, VOD) survived, only the communist resistance was able to function in a coordinated manner (although it also suffered arrests). He was also a major in the Luftwaffe, flying nearly 100 combat missions until 22 July 1941, when his plane was hit by Soviet anti-aircraft fire. [25], Heydrich became notorious for his countless affairs. [149] Hitler ordered a quick investigation. [140] A recent biography of Heydrich also places the grave in Section A. On the afternoon of Tuesday, January 20, 1942, Chief of Security Police and the SD, Reinhard Heydrich, telephoned his superior, Reichsfhrer-SS Heinrich Himmler.He had much to tell him. [140], Heydrich's widow Lina won the right to a pension following a series of court cases against the West German government in 1956 and 1959. [100] The black market was suppressed. Generl v srdci neptele s cenou t diviz", "SOE a pprava atenttu na Reinharda Heydricha", "The Path to the Mass Murder of European Jews, part 2. His success in pacifying the Czech population lulled Heydrich into a false sense of security, and on May 27, 1942, two Free Czech agents mortally wounded him with a bomb while he was riding in his car without an armed escort. [43] Information on thousands of people was recorded on index cards and stored at the Brown House. That same year he joined the SS. Gestapo officials retaliated for his death by executing hundreds of Czechs and wiping out the entire village of Lidice. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Reinhard-Heydrich, Jewish Virtual Library - Reinhard Heydrich, HistoryNet - Reinhard Heydrich: A Devil With Many Faces, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum - Holocaust Encyclopedia - Reinhard Heydrich: In Depth, GlobalSecurity.org - Reinhard Heydrich (7. [79] He discussed the matter with Himmler and both in turn brought it to Hitler's attention. WebIn The Hangman and His Wife, Nancy Dougherty, and, following her death, Christopher Lehmann-Haupt, masterfully explore who Heydrich was and how he came to be, and how he came to do what he did. Quora - A place to share knowledge and better understand the Klaus died as a result of a traffic accident on 24 October 1943. [164], Heydrich received a number of Nazi and military awards. In late February 1919, civil unrestincluding strikes and clashes between communist and anti-communist groupstook place in Heydrich's home town of Halle. Those associated with it or the resistance movement were tortured or executed. Reinhard heydrich und die wannsee konferenz historia. Lutze was appointed SA's new head and it was converted into a sports and training organisation. Also known as: Der Henker, Reinhard Tristan Eugen Heydrich, The Hangman. Because Himmler was only four years older than Heydrich, Heydrichs hopes for advancement could be realized only with his specialization. [35][36] Lina ignored this message, packed Heydrich's suitcase, and sent him to Munich. 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People disappeared without a trace with no one told of their whereabouts or fate. Reinhard Heydrich During 1931, SS Leader Heinrich Himmler began setting up a counterintelligence division of the SS. [145] She remarried once and died in 1985. ', He added: 'We must distinguish the son from the father. Reinhard Heydrich, in full Reinhard Tristan Eugen Heydrich, byname The Hangman, German Der Henker, (born March 7, 1904, Halle, Germanydied June 4, 1942, Prague, Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia [now in Czech Republic]), Nazi German official who was Heinrich Himmler s chief lieutenant in the Schutzstaffel (Protective Jan Kubi and Jozef Gabk headed the team chosen for the mission, trained by the British Special Operations Executive (SOE). He received good evaluations from his superiors and had few problems with other crewmen. 1 Miembro de la Schutzstaffel, obtuvo el rango de SS-Oberfhrer, y fue un protegido personal de Hermann Gring. None of Hitlers lieutenants did more to realize the Final Solution than Heinrich Himmler and Reinhard Heydrich. This questionnaire was placed in an envelope inscribed with a seal reading "Nacht und Nebel" and submitted to the Reich Security Main Office (RSHA). Thousands have signed an internet petition opposing having anything to do with his offer. [94] The terror also served to paralyse resistance in society, with public and widespread reprisals by the Nazis against any action resisting German rule. After Adolf Hitler became chancellor in 1933, Heydrich was appointed chief of the political department of the Munich police force, and he helped bring the political police forces throughout Germany under Himmlers control. He was placed on his stomach in the back of the van and taken to the emergency room at Bulovka Hospital. The Czech lands were an important industrial zone for the German military, and indiscriminate killing could reduce the region's productivity. In December 1930 he attended a rowing-club ball and met Lina von Osten. He returned to Berlin on 14 May after having crashed his plane on takeoff at Stavanger the previous day. By October he had created a network of spies and informers for intelligence-gathering purposes and to obtain information to be used as blackmail to further political aims. The first three true death camps, designed for mass murder with no legal process or pretext, were built and operated at Treblinka, Sobibr, and Beec. His mother was Heydrich's godmother. Later, in the Soviet Union, they were charged with rounding up and murdering Jews via firing squad and gas vans. Highly-rated NFL prospect Will Levis puts MAYO in his coffee and eats overripe bananas with the skin ON, PICTURED: Glamorous trader's wife, 32, who blames the ROAD for her 100MPH fatal DWI crash into man who was catapulted 30ft by her Porsche as he walked with his OK Cupid date, 'I'm going to hit the roof with excitement! [94] Most of them were the members of the resistance that had previously been captured and were awaiting trial. Assassination of Reinhard Heydrich [143] The couple had four children: Klaus, born in 1933, killed in a traffic accident in 1943; Heider, born in 1934; Silke, born in 1939; and Marte, born shortly after her father's death in 1942.