Othello tragic hero quotes Free Essays | Studymode They really don't want to get caught but one can see their sins if they look closely.
Is It Power of Words Which Destroy Othello or His Own Hubris? The idiom "wear my heart on my sleeve" comes from this line in Othello. Having persuaded Roderigo to kill Cassio, Iago makes it clear to him that this act will be chief to their success or lead to their demise. (Desdemona): I never did offend you in my life; never loved Cassio. (He smothers her) Othello's ruthlessness and hubris energise him to throttle his wife, ignoring her desperate pleas. Horribly stuffed with epithets of war. "But he, as loving his own pride and purposes" Iago's comments on Cassio's talents. Roderigo recruits Iago to woo Desdemona for humself. While the other Venetians are shocked that Desdemona could love a man from a different race and background, Othellos explanation shows that he and Desdemona fell in love out of mutual admiration and respect. Copyright 1999 - 2023 GradeSaver LLC. Also because Iago has more evidence, he looks more innocent and truthful. Quote #1. The Language of Composition: Reading, Writing, Rhetoric, Lawrence Scanlon, Renee H. Shea, Robin Dissin Aufses, Edge Reading, Writing and Language: Level C, David W. Moore, Deborah Short, Michael W. Smith. I know our country disposition well;/ in Venice they do let heaven see the pranks/They dare not show their husbands; Their best conscience/ Is not to leave't undone, but keep't unknown. }}Inthetwentiethcentury,musicalexperimentationbecamemorecommon,andnewsoundsandformsbegantoemerge.. While that may be tr. Farewell, Commend me to my kind lord: O, farewell!" showing her motive to protect Othello which such a realisation leads to his own death, "I kiss 'd thee er. Now that Iago has awakened jealousy and suspicion in him, he cannot think about anything else. Creon has ordered that Polynices, Antigone's brother, cannot receive a proper burial because in Creon's eyes he is a traitor. Iago Othello study guide contains a biography of William Shakespeare, literature essays, a complete e-text, quiz questions, major themes, characters, and a full summary and analysis. Renew your subscription to regain access to all of our exclusive, ad-free study tools. I pray you, in your letters. Othello Quotes Showing 1-30 of 237. Using this definition, Othellos hubris is epitomised by his declaration in (IV.ii) that heaven truly knows Desdemona is false as hell. I have wasted myself out of means, Act 4 Scene 2- Iago manipulates Roderigo into killing Cassio, I will show you such a necessity in death that you shall think yourself bound to put it on hime, Act 4 Scene 3- Desdemona that her love for Othello makes her accept his actions, Act 4 Scene 3- Desdemona suggests that she cant forget the Willow song, That song tonight will not go from my mind, Act 4 Scene 3- Desdemona appears critical of men, Act 4 Scene 3- Desdemona questions whether a woman would treat her husband as badly as husbands treat their wives, That there be women do abuse their husbands in such gross kind, Act 4 Scene 3- Emilia playfully reveals that sh would mis-treat her husband, No I neither by this heavenly light: I might dot as well ith dark, Act 4 Scene 3- Emilia playfully suggests that sometimes small sacrifices are necessary for great success, The worlds a huge thing: it it a great price for a small vice, Act 4 Scene 3- Emilia suggests that for men to have great success they must not take themselves too seriously. Vaulting ambition.
Othello Jealousy Quotes | Shmoop This sentiment is echoed by Othello, who is motivated to kill Desdemona because her affair has besmirched the reputation that he has worked so hard to craft. Had he been less in love with his wife, he would not have become as jealous. It is a claim to civilization and order. Instead of praising her sweet and fair qualities, he refers to her greedy ear and the attention she gave him. Othello: Out, strumpet! He is unconcerned because of his strong sense of self-worth. Reputation, reputation, reputation! resource to ask questions, find answers, and discuss thenovel. And O you mortal engines, whose rude throats. Some composers, such as Dmitri Shostakovich of Russia, wrote traditional symphonies of four distinct movements. She swore, in faith, 'twas strange, 'twas passing strange, 'twas pitiful, 'twas wondrous pitiful This only witchcraft I have used. quotes are said by Othello whose character I believe made the most impact on my perception of the first great black protagonist in Western literature. The antithesis between heaven and hell emphasises the distance between his false perception of the world and the truth about her loyalty. For example, in (IV.ii), he remains resolute despite Emilias firm defence of Desdemona. | When Iago alleges Desdemona is having an affair with Cassio, it hurts Othellos pride because his marriage to the Venetian lady satisfied his ego and provided him with the respect he believed he deserved. Look to your wife, observe her well with Cassio. Why does Othello care about Desdemonas handkerchief. What, ho, Brabantio! Wraps me and bears me on through mist and cloud. Act 3 Scene 3- Othello illustrates his love and admiration for Desdemona but also creates a sense of identity for his wife, To say my wife is fair, loves company//Is free of speech, sings, plays, and danses well, Act 3 Scene 3- In a moment of dramatic irony Othello criticises his future actions by suggesting that it would be a weakness to doubt his wife, Not from mine own weak merits will I draw//The smallest fear or doubt of her revolt, Act 3 Scene 3- There is a self-assured arrogance as Othello states that Desdemona chose him, Act 3 Scene 3- In a moment of dramatic irony Othello states that he will not act unless he has proof, Ill see before I doubt; when I doubt, prove; And on the proof, there is no more but this, Act 3 Scene 3- Iago suggests that Othello watches his wife with Cassio, Look to your wife; observe her well with Cassio, Act 3 Scene 3- In a moment of dramatic irony Iago states that he wishes to protect Othellos nature, I would not have your free and noble nature//Out of self-bounty be abused, Act 3 Scene 3- Iago plants seed of doubt into Othellos mind as he mirrors the previous advice of Brabantio, Act 3 Scene 3- Othello makes an error of judgement as he completely trusts the words of Iago, This fellows of exceeding honesty// And knows all qualities with a learned spirit// of human dealings, Act 3 Scene 3- Othello suggests that he not gentle of soft enough for Desdemona, Haply, for I am black// And have not those soft parts of conversation, Act 3 Scene 3- Othello states that he has lost Desdemona and now he must hate her, Shes gone: I am abused, and my relief// Must be to loathe her, Act 3 Scene 3- Othello discusses his hate for marriage, O, curse of marriage that we can call these delicate creature ours//And not their appetites, Act 3 Scene 3- Othello illustrates his reliance on fate and destiny, Act 3 Scene 3- Emilia states how she has stolen the Hankerchief to give to Iago, This was her first remembrance from the Moor// My wayward husband hath a hundred times// Wooed me to steal it, Act 3 Scene 3- Emilia tells Iago that she has stolen the hankerchieft, Why that the Moor first gave to Desdemona// That which so often you did bid me to steal, Act 3 Scene 3- Iago states that he is already changing the Moor, Act 3 Scene 3- Othello states that he would rather not know about the affair, I swear tis better to be much abused//Than but to knowt a little, Act 3 Scene 3- Othello is saying goodbye to his previous life, Farewell the tranquil mind! Her will may fall to match you with her country forms and happily repent. It is the green-eyed monster which doth mock. This hand is moist, my lady, Act 3 Scene 4 Othello discusses the ancestry of the Hankerchief, That hankerchief//Did an Egyptian to my mother give:She was a charmer and could almost read the thoughts of people, Act 4 Scene 2- Othello suggests that heavens worst punishment is affecting his reputation, But alas, to make me//A fixed figure for the time of scorn//To point this slow unmoving finger at. Your subscription will continue automatically once the free trial period is over. Othello vocab Act 1 August 29, 2019. Othello says "I did consent, And often did beguile her of her tears When I did speak of some distressful stroke That my youth suffered. Pomp and circumstance. Thieves! Often translated into English as outrage, hubris was a criminal act of malicious and unjustifiable cruelty or violence, committed with the sole intention of dishonouring the victim. Bitter about being passed up for Cassio's post, Iago reveals he serves Othello only to serve himself. The verb tenses in the following sentence are not used consistently and logically. Free trial is available to new customers only. Othello shows his vanity and cruelty to Desdemona by outlining his capability in killing Cassio as revenge. Iago says this to Othello. He points out to Roderigo that men cannot follow leaders if they want to lead themselves. However, Othellos faith in Desdemona also opens the door for Iago to give Othello seeming proof of Desdemonas infidelity. I have done the state some service, and they know't.
Jealousy in Othello: 3 key ideas (with quotes, analysis & video) Act 1 Scene 1- Iago reveals he only does his duty to seek revenge on Othello I follow him to serve my turn upon him Act 1 Scene 1- Iago revels his false nature But I will wear my heart upon my sleeve// For daws to peck at- I am now what I am Act 1 Scene 1- Roderigo's casual racism as he discusses Othello What a full fortune does the thick-lips owe What spasms athwart me shoot, What pangs of agonizing memory?" In a grotesque scene, Oedipus screams these lines after he blinds himself. Desdemona: Banish me my lord, but kill me not. Thus credulous fools are caught, Act 4 Scene 1- Iago suggests that Bianca is a prostitute, A housewife, that by selling her desires// Buys herself bread and clothes. For when my outward action doth demonstrate, In compliment extern, tis not long after. Othello): O Perjured woman! Your son-in-law is far more fair than black. And when I love thee not, chaos is come again, Act 3 Scene 3- Othello is desperate to find out the evils in Iagos mind, As if there were some monster in his thought//Too hideous to be shown, Act 3 Scene 3- Othello makes an error of judgement as he continues to trust Iago, And for I know thourt full of honesty// And weighst thy words before thou givst them breath, Act 3 Scene 3 In a moment of dramatic irony Iago states that men should be who they are, Act 3 Scene 3- As Othello discusses Iagos thoughts he illustrates the power of words and rumors, As thou dost ruminate, and give thy worst of thoughts//The worst of words, Act 3 Scene 3- Iago states that it is in his nature to look into things he suspects, As I confess it is my natures plague//To spy into abuses, Act 3 Scene 3- Iago continues to act false as he states his honesty prevents him from sharing his thoughts, Nor for my manhood, honesty and wisdom//To let you know my thoughts, Act 3 Scene 3- Iago contradicts his previous thoughts as he states that his reputation and good name is of great importance to him, But he that filches me my good name//Robs me of that which not enriches him//And makes me poor indeed, Act 3 Scene 3- In arguably the most famous lines of the play, Iago warns Othello about the dangers of jealousy, O beware, my lore, of jealousy// It is the green-eyed monster, which doth mock//The meat it feed on, Act 3 Scene 3- Othello denies that he will ever make a life of jealousy. But he as loving his own pride and purposes. Lodovico is shocked by this violence: My lord, this would not be believed in Venice. on 50-99 accounts. In one of Iago's soliloquies, he observes that things that may otherwise seem insignificant are given outsized importance when they confirm an already held belief. Finally convinced that Desdemona has betrayed him, Othello vows revenge against her and Cassio. Yet she must die, else shell betray more men. This reckless rejection of the warning signs is a very useful definition of hubris. The average student has to read dozens of books per year. Iago is enlisting Roderigo in helping him "serve [his] turn" against Othello. Iago says and to see how he prizes the foolish woman your wife; she gave it him and he hath given it his whore. Othello recalls the time when he was blissfully unaware of Desdemonas alleged betrayal, and as a result he lived in happy ignorance. Did you know you can highlight text to take a note? Previous Post Othello Quotes . Iago suggests that Othello has hubris when he states. The free trial period is the first 7 days of your subscription.
O , my souls joy, Act 2 Scene 1- Othellos overwhelming joy is clear as he expresses his life is fulfilled, If it were now to die//Twere now to be most happy, Act 2 Scene 1- Othello can not hide his joy in this high point of the play, I cannot speak enough of this content//It stops me here; it is too much of joy, Act 2 Scene 1- Iago a likens Othello to the devil. Purchasing Which thou owedst yesterday. This leads to Othellos madness and desperateness in killing those who have abused and mocked him. While the protagonist reads a letter from Venice commanding him to return from Cyprus and deputing Cassio in his government, Desdemona says there is an unkind breach between the two men and she would like to see them reconciled because of the love I bear to Cassio. Shall ever medicine thee to that sweet sleep. SparkNotes Plus subscription is $4.99/month or $24.99/year as selected above. Othello Romeo and Juliet King Lear . O wretched villain!O damned Iago! The other, due to their different ethnic backgrounds, are perceived as inferior. Brabantio is incredibly aggressive and threatens Othello if he resists.
Aspects of Tragedy- Othello - Litchapter.com He says that Desdemona would be dissatisfied and bored by staying with a black, old Moor and that she would want to sleep with another man. On the line provided, rewrite the sentence to correct errors in the use of tense. Othello Quotes September 6, 2019. Othello speaks this quote to Iago after Iago has explained to him about Cassios involvement in a drunken brawl. Please wait while we process your payment. O, the world hath not a sweeter creature! (one code per order). More books than SparkNotes. However, the audience will be quick to question Iagos own motivation for such scornful remarks. Quotes and explainations about the role of pride in Othello 1.) The only difference between . He does not wish to spare anybody because his hubris facilitates him to kill the innocent ones without question.
Act 5, Scene Ii: Close Reading of Othello's Character Portrayal Wed love to have you back! You can view our. How does Iago use Bianca to trick Othello?
A Topic Of Pride In Othello By William Shakespeare And Oedipus By His hubris makes the tragic conclusion inevitable.
Othello Key Quotes - Revision Flashcards | Quizlet Because Othello is resistant to believing in Desdemonas guilt, Iago has more fuel to persuade him. Designed by GonThemes. He specifies that he sees his downfall as his passion for Desdemona, since it ultimately made him succumb to jealousy. Othello says this line at the very end of the play, once he realizes that he has been tricked and deceived.
Iago's Impulsiveness In Othello - 921 Words | Internet Public Library creating and saving your own notes as you read. How about getting full access immediately? After all, we're not savages. Othello dismisses Emilias evidence and claims she is a subtle whore who is capable of villainous secrets but will still kneel and pray as if she was innocent. "Haply for I am black'Tis destiny unshunnable like death." (Act 3 Scene 3 Lines 267-279). . After a drunken brawl with Roderigo, Cassio is stripped of his position. Iagos manipulations of Othello conform to the post-colonial reading and the features of an Aristotelian tragedy. The Aristotelian tragedy is about a patriarchal society containing a tragic hero the tragic hero is portrayed as a powerful, respected person with a fatal flaw, his hubris. This results in Othellos insecurity and doubtfulness over his relationship with Desdemona and questions his wifes fidelity. In pursuit of his revenge Iago will become duplicitous, never showing his true emotion to the outside world. Race is a pervasive theme in the play, as prejudice is pervasive in Venice. The quote also shows that once Othello has begun to think about the possibility of his wife being unfaithful, he is unable to leave the idea alone. Throughout the scene, Othello remains calm and dignified.
Aristotle's Hamartia in Othello - Academic Master If you do find me foul in her report the trust, the office I do hold of you not only take away, but let your sentence fall even upon my life." This quote explains the main conflict of the play. In Act 3 Scene 3, after Iago reminds Othello of Desdemonas disobedience to her father, Iago poisons Othellos mind by saying that his wife, Desdemona, is unfaithful to him as she is having an affair with someone else. He feels neglected and abused by his wife due to his African race. Desdemona also states I have not deserved this. A fellow almost damned in a fair wife. The tragic hero then interrogates Desdemona. Ace your assignments with our guide to Othello! (4.2.) The proverb is a warning against excessive confidence because it will lead to terrible failure and shame. Thinkst thou Id make a life of jealousy//To follow still the changes of the mood//With fresh suspicions? He justifies his statement by asserting his knowledge about his Venetian culture and takes advantage of Othellos ignorance of Venetian culture. By contrast, Othello would argue her adultery justifies her punishment. While speaking to Iago Desdemona says that, though she pretends to be happy, she is really worried about Othello's safety. Within these three days let me hear thee say That Cassio's not alive. At this point, Oedipus has realized that he indeed killed his father and slept with his mother. When O . This action leads to Othellos ultimate destruction under the Aristotelian tragedy readings.
Othello's Hubris and the Tragic Hero - subplotter.com His hubris leads to his ultimate, inevitable downfall. OthelloThe quote is says that Othello wants Cassio dead and shows Iago's plan is working. No more of that. Therefore be double damned: Swear thou art honest. The King James Version of the Bible offers a good translation of the line from the Book of Proverbs (18): Pride goeth before destruction, and a haughty spirit before a fall.. Both Cassio and Othello believe a man is nothing more than "bestial" without his good name. Who says this? I think upont, I think- I smellt- O villainy! Get Annual Plans at a discount when you buy 2 or more! Best summary PDF, themes, and quotes. Act 1 Scene 1- Iago illustrates Othello's pride and reputation as a soldier. Hugo. He is unconcerned because of his strong sense of self-worth. for a group? William Shakespeare and Othello Background. 20% In the play, Othello's tragic flaw is his sense of self-importance, what the ancient Greeks would have called hubris, translated to mean excessive pride. April 30, 2023, SNPLUSROCKS20 Not poppy, nor mandragora.
A Topic Of Pride In Othello By William Shakespeare And Oedipus By Perhaps the best example of this ambiguity in the second scene occurs towards the end. Power Of Death In Othello The Power of Death After reading Shakespeare 's play Othello, one can easily conclude that it is primarily about jealousy and revenge. This quotation is significant because it is clearly hurtful to O, but even more important, it actually contradicts a previous conversation O has with Desi at the beginning of the film. You'll be billed after your free trial ends. This theatre metaphor reduces Brabantio to a stage hand while comparing the protagonist to an actor who does not forget their lines and movement. Here, Othello asserts his faith in Desdemona and his refusal to be suspicious of her without due cause. It also is the first seed planted in his game of deception. A master manipulator, Iago plants a seed of suspicion, but then seemingly hesitates to make any distinct accusations. The ancients indignant tone and the alliteration of /p/ in pride and purposes emphasise that arrogance. I have lost the immortal part of myself, and what remains is bestial. Tragedy- Othello quotes. He has seen nothing that would suggest the attack was provoked. Othello August 10, 2019. I'll have some proof.
Othello Quotes and Analysis | GradeSaver Another issue from the post-colonial reading is that racism is against Othello. Popular Quotes. Iago knows that if the rest of the characters knew what lurked in his heart, he would be destroyed. Tis he! Also, referring to Othello, Iago says that not all men are fit to lead and not all leaders should be followed. "We've got to have rules and obey them. Act 1 Scene 1- Iago illustrates Othellos hubris, But he as loving his own pride and purposes, Act 1 Scene 1- Iago illustrates Othellos pride and reputation as a soldier, Act 1 Scene 1 Iagos casual sexism as he discusses Cassio, Act 1 Scene 1- Iago reveals his motives, the jealousy of Cassios promotion, Preferment goes by letter and affection//And not by old gradation, Act 1 Scene 1- Iago reveals he only does his duty to seek revenge on Othello, Act 1 Scene 1- Iago revels his false nature, But I will wear my heart upon my sleeve// For daws to peck at- I am now what I am, Act 1 Scene 1- Roderigos casual racism as he discusses Othello, What a full fortune does the thick-lips owe, Act 1 Scene 1- Iago objectifies Desdemona as he and Roderigo awake Brabantio. Polynices fought against his brother to claim the throne of Thebes, the pair ended up killing each other. Oedipus excessive pride causes him to elude the oracle prophecies but by doing so he ends up fulling the prophecy and making himself blind. By continuing well assume you The irony of this statement is that he is telling the truth about his dishonesty. He is vain and ignorant as he thinks that he knows and controls his wifes fate. (4) make it hard to think that Othello has made the right choice in promoting him even though these lines can be interpreted as an exaggeration. He bluntly asks are you not a strumpet and then declares I took you for that cunning whore of Venice / That married with Othello. Not affiliated with Harvard College. And what delight//shall she have to look on the devil? Fill each blank with the most appropriate word. Othello and his loyal men would tear him apart, like birds. Iago says he knows people in this country do bad things. TO CANCEL YOUR SUBSCRIPTION AND AVOID BEING CHARGED, YOU MUST CANCEL BEFORE THE END OF THE FREE TRIAL PERIOD. GradeSaver, 29 September 2014 Web. He does not wish to spare anybody because his hubris facilitates him to kill the innocent ones without question. When Karen scored the tie-breaking goal with five seconds left to play, _____ broke out. Hubris-Derived from the greed word Hybris-means "excessive pride"-In Greek tragedy, hubris is often viewed as the flaw that leads to the downfall of the tragic hero: Example of Othello tragic flaws-act 3, scene 3: Othello trusting nature believes Iago is telling the truth when he said Desdemona is having an affair with Cassio. What does it mean? " However, despite Desdemonas countless pleas, Othello brutally smothers her in his feelings of rage, ignorance, jealousy and arrogance. Her name, that was as fresh Overall, Iago has manipulated Othello. If a person was excessively arrogant to the extent they believed their knowledge or skills were greater than the gods, they would be punished because we cannot escape our fate and the divine will. Subscribe now. Th' immortal Jove's dread clamors counterfeit, Farewell!
Othello: How Jealousy and Hubris Shape the Destruction of the He does not want to hear any truth from Desdemona as he is arrogant and vain, thinking that the honest Iagos suggestions and advice is for Othellos welfare.
What is Othello's tragic flaw that causes his downfall? When you shall these unlucky deeds relate, Nor set down aught in malice. Thieves! Othello: Out, strumpet! He is still determined to punish her without any further investigation: Being done, there is no pause. The meat it feeds on. Jemisin, The Hundred Thousand Kingdoms tags: cruelty , gods , hubris , humanity 316 likes Like "I am sufficiently proud of my knowing something to be modest about my not knowing all." Vladimir Nabokov, Lolita Othello is able to rise above the stereotypes, but he is never able to forget what others may feel about him. Shakespeare draws our attention to the contrast between heaven and hell by placing the words at opposite ends of the pentameter and changing the stress from trochees to iambs, but still connecting the two ideas through the use of alliteration. I know our country disposition well. When O comes to Hugo for confirmation that Desi is cheating on him, Hugo tells O that this is how Mike and Desi talk about O when they are together. Farewell content!//Farewell the plumed troops and the bug wars//That make ambition virtueFarewell Othellos occupation gone, Act 3 Scene 3- Othello discusses that only those who know about their sorrows feel the pain, He that is robbed not wanting what is stolen//Let him knowt, and hes not robbed at all, Act 3 Scene 3- Othello doesnt realise the truth in his words as he demands that Iago finds proof, Villain, be sure thou prove my love a *****; be sure of it, Act 3 Scene 3- Iago states that it is better to be wise that honest, I should be wise; for honestys a fool// And loses that is works for, Act 3 Scene 3- The extent of Othellos tragic downfall becomes clear as he begins to contradict in his speech, By the world// I think my wife be honest, and think she is not// I think that thou are just, and think thou art not, Act 3 Scene 3- Iago reveals that passion is Othellos fatal flaw, Act 3 Scene 3-Iago states that Cassio has spoke about Desdemona in his sleep, There are a kind of men so loose of soul// That in their sleeps will mutter their affairs, Act 3 Scene 3- Othello loses all control and plans to violently attack his wife, Act 3 Scene 3- Othello reveals his desire for revenge, Arise black vengence, from they hollow cell, Act 3 Scene 3- Othello loses control and sees no other resolution but violence, Act 3 Scene 4- Desdemona reveals that Othello is not capable of jealousy, but my noble Moor// Is true of mind and made of no such baseness//As jealous creature are, it were enough to put him to ill thinking, Act 3 Scene 4- Desdemona reveals once again that Othello is not capable of jealousy, I think the sun where he was born//Drew all such humours from him, Act 3 Scene 4- Othello questions Desdemonas virtue, Act 3 Scene 4- Othello reveals the importance of the hankerchief, if she lost it// Or made gift of it, my fathers eye should hold her loathed, and his spirits should hunt//After new fancies, Act 3 Scene 4- Othello reveals the magic of the hankerchief, Act 3 Scene 4- Emilia reveals that Othello may be jealous, Act 3 Scene 4- Emilia reveals that women are the victims of the desires of men, They are all but stomachs, and we are all but food// They eat us hungerly, and when they are full// They belch us, Act 3 Scene 4- Desdemona reveals that Othello has changed, illustrating the extent of his tragic downfall, My lord is not my lord; nor should I know him//were he in favour as in humour altered, Act 3 Scene 4- Desdemona defends her own right to speak, Act 3 Scene 4- Emilia shares her opinions on jealousy, It is a monster// Begot upon itself, born on itself, Act 4 Scene 1- Othello reveals his opinions about the affair, Act 4 Scene 1- Othello reveals that those who cheat are tempted by the devil, The devil their virtue tempts, and they tempt heaven, Act 4 Scene 1- Othello loses control of his speech, Act 4 Scene 1 Othello continues to lose control of his speech, Act 4 Scene 1 In a moment of dramatic irony Othello reveals that he has not been affected by words but in fact actions, Act 4 Scene 1- Iago reveals that his manipulation is succeeding, Work on.